What happens when a SART is activated?

When a SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) is activated, it transmits a series of radar pulses that are detected by nearby vessels' radar equipment. This signal is designed to allow search and rescue operations to locate a person in distress or a vessel in need of assistance. The unique radar pulses emitted by the SART differentiate it from background noise and can be easily identified by other vessels' radar systems, enabling rescuers to pinpoint its location quickly.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of a SART. For example, while SARTs play a crucial role in locating distress situations, they do not send distress calls to shore stations nor do they transmit GPS coordinates. Their primary function revolves around radar detection, which is why their activation can significantly enhance the chances of a successful recovery during maritime emergencies. Additionally, while they can be part of a visual distress signaling strategy, that is not their primary function; visual signals typically come from flares or lights aboard the distressed vessel.