What is the function of a "float-free EPIRB"?

The function of a "float-free EPIRB" (Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon) is to send a distress signal upon contact with water. These devices are designed to automatically activate when they are free from their mount, typically when a vessel capsizes or sinks. By doing so, they become buoyant and float to the surface, where they begin transmitting a distress signal and location data to satellites, helping search and rescue services locate individuals in distress.

This automatic activation is crucial during emergencies when crew members may be unable to manually activate the device due to incapacitation or other immediate threats. The signal transmitted includes the EPIRB's unique identification, which helps rescuers to determine the registered vessel or individual in distress, ensuring a prompt response.

The other concepts presented in the choices do not align with the primary function of a float-free EPIRB. For instance, transmitting location information during routine checks is not an intended purpose, as these devices are meant for emergency situations. While an EPIRB may hold GPS capabilities, its main role is not as a standalone GPS device. Additionally, it does not function as a storage medium for communications from other vessels; EPIRBs are specifically designed for emergency distress signaling, not for general communication.